Section C403.7.7—Exhaust systems.
C403.7.7 Exhaust systems.
C403.7.7.1 Kitchen exhaust systems.
C403.7.7.1.1 Replacement air. Replacement air introduced directly into the exhaust hood cavity shall not be greater than 10 percent of the hood exhaust airflow rate.
C403.7.7.1.2 Kitchen exhaust hood certification and maximum airflow. Where a kitchen or kitchen/dining facility has a total kitchen hood exhaust airflow rate that is greater than 2,000 cfm, each hood shall be a factory built commercial exhaust hood listed by a nationally recognized testing laboratory in compliance with UL 710 and each hood shall have a maximum exhaust rate as specified in Table C403.7.7.1.2. Where a single hood, or hood section, is installed over appliances with different duty ratings, the maximum allowable flow rate for the hood or hood section shall be based on the requirements for the highest appliance duty rating under the hood or hood section.
EXCEPTION: | Type II dishwasher exhaust hoods that have an exhaust airflow of 1000 cfm or less. |
Table C403.7.7.1.2
Maximum Net Exhaust Flow Rate,
CFM Per Linear Foot of Hood Length
Type of Hood | Light-duty Equipment | Medium-duty Equipment | Heavy-duty Equipment | Extra-heavy-duty Equipment |
Wall-mounted canopy | 140 | 210 | 280 | 385 |
Single island | 280 | 350 | 420 | 490 |
Double island (per side) | 175 | 210 | 280 | 385 |
Eyebrow | 175 | 175 | NA | NA |
Backshelf/pass-over | 210 | 210 | 280 | NA |
For SI: | 1 cfm = 0.4719 L/s; 1 foot = 305 mm |
NA = Not allowed |
C403.7.7.1.3 Kitchen exhaust hood system. Kitchen exhaust hood systems serving Type I exhaust hoods shall be provided with demand control kitchen ventilation (DCKV) controls where a kitchen or kitchen/dining facility has a total kitchen hood exhaust airflow rate greater than 2000 cfm. DCKV systems shall be configured to provide a minimum of 50 percent reduction in exhaust and replacement air system airflows in response to appliance operation and to maintain full capture and containment of smoke, effluent and combustion products during cooking and idle operation.
EXCEPTIONS: | 1. UL 710 listed exhaust hoods that have a design maximum exhaust airflow rate no greater than 250 cfm per linear foot of hood that serve kitchen or kitchen/dining facilities with a total kitchen hood exhaust airflow rate less than 5000 cfm. |
| 2. An energy recovery device is installed on the kitchen exhaust with a sensible heat recovery effectiveness of not less than 40 percent or not less than 50 percent of the total exhaust hood airflow. |
C403.7.7.2 Laboratory exhaust systems. Buildings with laboratory exhaust systems having a total exhaust rate greater than 5,000 cfm (2360 L/s) shall include heat recovery systems to precondition replacement air from laboratory exhaust. The heat recovery system shall be capable of increasing the outside air supply temperature at design heating conditions by 25°F (13.9°C). A provision shall be made to bypass or control the heat recovery system to permit air economizer operation as required by Section C403.5.
EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Variable air volume laboratory exhaust and room supply systems configured to reduce exhaust and makeup air volume to 50 percent or less of design values; or |
| 2. Direct makeup (auxiliary) air supply equal to at least 75 percent of the exhaust rate, heated no warmer than 2°F (1.1°C) below room setpoint, cooled to no cooler than 3°F (1.7°C) above room setpoint, no humidification added, and no simultaneous heating and cooling used for dehumidification control; or |
| 3. Combined energy reduction method: VAV exhaust and room supply system configured to reduce exhaust and makeup air volumes and a heat recovery system to precondition makeup air from laboratory exhaust that when combined will produce the same energy reduction as achieved by a heat recovery system with a 50 percent sensible recovery effectiveness as required above. For calculation purposes, the heat recovery component can be assumed to include the maximum design supply airflow rate at design conditions. The combined energy reduction (QER) shall meet the following: |
QER | ≥ | QMIN |
QMIN | = | CFMS • (TR - TO) • 1.1 • 0.6 |
QER | = | CFMS • (TR - TO) • 1.1(A + B)/100 |
Where: | | |
| QMIN | = | Energy recovery at 60 percent sensible effectiveness (Btu/h) |
| QER | = | Combined energy reduction (Btu/h) |
| CFMS | = | The maximum design supply airflow rate to conditioned spaces served by the system in cubic feet per minute |
| TR | = | Space return air dry-bulb at winter design conditions |
| TO | = | Outdoor air dry-bulb at winter design conditions |
| A | = | Percentage that the exhaust and makeup air volumes can be reduced from design conditions |
| B | = | Percentage sensible heat recovery effectiveness |
C403.7.7.3 Transfer air. Conditioned supply air delivered to any space with mechanical exhaust shall not exceed the greater of:
1. The supply flow required to meet the space heating or cooling load;
2. The ventilation rate required by the authority having jurisdiction, the facility environmental health and safety department, or Section C403.2.2; or
3. The mechanical exhaust flow minus the available transfer air from conditioned spaces or return air plenums that at their closest point are within 15 feet of each other on the same floor that are not in different smoke or fire compartments. Available transfer air is that portion of outdoor ventilation air that:
3.1. Is not required to satisfy other exhaust needs;
3.2. Is not required to maintain pressurization of other spaces; and
3.3. Is transferable according to applicable codes and standards and per the International Mechanical Code.
EXCEPTIONS: | 1. Laboratories classified as biosafety level 3 or higher. |
| 2. Vivarium spaces. |
| 3. Spaces that are required by applicable codes and standards to be maintained at positive pressure relative to adjacent spaces. For spaces taking this exception, any transferable air that is not directly transferred shall be made available to the associated air-handling unit and shall be used whenever economizer or other options do not save more energy. |
| 4. Spaces where the demand for transfer air may exceed the available transfer airflow rate and where the spaces have a required negative pressure relationship. For spaces taking this exception, any transferable air that is not directly transferred shall be made available to the associated air-handling unit and shall be used whenever economizer or other options do not save more energy. |
[Statutory Authority: RCW
19.27A.020,
19.27A.025,
19.27A.160 and chapters
19.27A and
19.27 RCW. WSR 22-14-091, 23-12-101, and 23-20-021, § 51-11C-40377, filed 7/1/22, 6/7/23, and 9/25/23, effective 3/15/24. Statutory Authority: RCW
19.27A.020,
19.27A.025,
19.27A.160 and chapter
19.27 RCW. WSR 19-24-040, § 51-11C-40377, filed 11/26/19, effective 7/1/20.]
