Table 1. Washington Carbon Intensity Standards for Gasoline and Gasoline Substitutes
Calendar Year | Washington Carbon Intensity Standard (gCO2e per MJ) | Percent Reduction |
2023 | 98.44 | 0.50 percent |
2024 | 97.97 | 1.00 percent |
2025 | 96.95 | 2.00 percent |
2026 | 92.00 | 7.00 percent |
2027 | 88.04 | 11.00 percent |
2028 | To be established in upcoming rule making | 3.00 to 4.00 percent CI reduction per year |
2038 | 54.41 | 45.00 percent |
Notes: | • The change in CI targets is as directed in SSHB 1409 (2025) |
• Carbon intensity of gasoline and gasoline substitute for the baseline year (2017) is 98.93 gCO2 per MJ |
Table 2. Washington Carbon Intensity Standards for Diesel and Diesel Substitutes
Calendar Year | Washington Carbon Intensity Standard (gCO2e per MJ) | Percent Reduction |
2023 | 99.61 | 0.50 percent |
2024 | 99.11 | 1.00 percent |
2025 | 98.11 | 2.00 percent |
2026 | 93.10 | 7.00 percent |
2027 | 89.10 | 11.00 percent |
2028-2037 | To be established in upcoming rule making | 3.00 to 4.00 percent CI reduction per year |
2038 | 55.06 | 45.00 percent |
Notes: | • The change in CI targets is as directed in SSHB 1409 (2025) |
• Carbon intensity of diesel and diesel substitute for the baseline year (2017) is 100.11 gCO2 per MJ |
Table 3. Washington Energy Densities and Conversion Factors for Fuels and Blendstocks
Fuel (unit) | MJ/unit |
Gasoline blendstock (gallon) | 122.48 (MJ/gallon) |
Washington gasoline (gallon) | 118.38 (MJ/gallon) |
Fossil diesel fuel (gallon) | 134.48 (MJ/gallon) |
Compressed natural gas (therm)1 | 105.5 (MJ/therm) |
Electricity (kiloWatt hour) | 3.60 (MJ/kiloWatt hour) |
Denatured ethanol (gallon) | 81.51 (MJ/gallon) |
Clear biodiesel (gallon) | 126.13 (MJ/gallon) |
Liquefied natural gas (gallon) | 78.83 (MJ/gallon) |
Hydrogen (kilogram) | 120.00 (MJ/kilogram) |
Liquefied petroleum gas (gallon) | 89.63 (MJ/gallon) |
Renewable hydrocarbon diesel (gallon) | 129.65 (MJ/gallon) |
Undenatured anhydrous ethanol (gallon) | 80.53 (MJ/gallon) |
Alternative Jet Fuel (gallon) | 126.37 (MJ/gallon) |
Renewable naphtha (gallon) | 117.66 (MJ/gallon) |
Renewable gasoline (gallon) | 122.37 (MJ/gallon) |
Fossil jet fuel (gallon) | 129.82 (MJ/gallon) |
1 | If therms are reported on a LHV basis. For therms reported on an HHV basis, this value must be converted to HHV basis. |
Table 4. Washington Energy Economy Ratio Values for Fuels in Vehicles
Light/Medium Duty Applications (Fuels used as gasoline replacements) | Heavy-Duty/Off-Road Applications (Fuels used as diesel replacements) | Aviation Applications (Fuels used as jet fuel replacements) | |||
Fuel/Vehicle Combination | EER Value Relative to Gasoline | Fuel/Vehicle Combination | EER Value Relative to Diesel | Fuel/Vehicle Combination | EER Value Relative to conventional jet |
Gasoline (including E10) or any other gasoline-ethanol blend | 1 | Diesel fuel (including B5) or any other blend of diesel and biodiesel or renewable hydrocarbon diesel | 1 | Alternative Jet Fuel+ | 1 |
CNG Internal Combustion Engine Vehicle (ICEV) | 1 | CNG, LNG, or LPG (Spark-Ignition Engines) | 0.9 | ||
Electricity/Battery Electric Vehicle or Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle | 3.4 | CNG, LNG, or LPG (Compression- Ignition Engines) | 1 | ||
Electricity/On-Road Electric Motorcycle | 4.4 | Electricity/Battery Electric Vehicle or Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle | 5 | ||
Propane/LPG Forklift | 0.9 | Electricity/Battery Electric or Plug-in Hybrid Transit Bus | 5 | ||
Hydrogen/Fuel Cell Vehicle | 2.5 | Electricity/Fixed Guideway Light Rail | 3.3 | ||
Electricity/Fixed Guideway Streetcar/Trolley bus | 2.1 | ||||
Electricity/Fixed Guideway Aerial Tram | 2.6 | ||||
Electricity/Electric Forklift | 3.8 | ||||
Electricity/Electric TRU (eTRU) | 3.4 | ||||
Hydrogen/Fuel Cell Vehicle | 1.9 | ||||
Hydrogen/Fuel Cell Forklift | 2.1 | ||||
Electricity/Cargo Handling Equipment | 2.7 | ||||
Electricity/Ocean Going Vessel | 2.6 | ||||
Electricity/Ground Support Equipment | 3.2 | ||||
Table 5. Washington Land Use Change CI Values for Biofuels CI Determination
Feedstock | LUC Value (gCO2e/MJ) | Applicable Region (Based on CARB 2015 Analysis) |
Corn Ethanol | 19.80 | U.S. |
Sorghum Ethanol | 19.40 | U.S. |
Sugarcane Ethanol | 11.80 | Brazil |
Soybean Biodiesel or Renewable Diesel | 29.10 | U.S. |
Canola Biodiesel or Renewable Diesel | 14.50 | North America |
Palm Biodiesel or Renewable Diesel | 71.40 | Indonesia/Malaysia |
Table 6. Washington Carbon Intensity Lookup Fuel Pathway Table
Fuel | Pathway Code | Pathway Description | Carbon Intensity Values (gCO2e/MJ) |
Gasoline | WAGAS001 | Clear gasoline - based on a weighted average of gasoline supplied to Washington. The CI of the gasoline supply was based on average crude oil supplied to the states (WA, UT, and MT) and U.S. average refinery efficiency | 100.46 |
Diesel | WAULSD001 | Clear diesel - based on a weighted average of diesel fuel supplied to Washington. The CI of the diesel supply was based on average crude oil supplied to the states (WA, UT, and MT) and U.S. average refinery efficiency | 101.18 |
Compressed Natural Gas | WACNG | Average North American natural gas delivered via pipeline; compressed in WA | 77.98 |
Liquefied Natural Gas | WALNG | Average North American natural gas delivered via pipeline; liquefied in WA | 86.76 |
Liquefied Petroleum Gas | WALPG | Fossil Liquefied petroleum gas from crude oil and natural gas4 | 80.79 |
Electricity | WAELEC002-G | Renewable electricity, from geothermal, deemed to have a carbon intensity of zero | 0 |
WAELEC002-H | Renewable electricity, from directly supplied hydropower, deemed to have a carbon intensity of zero | 0 | |
WAELEC002-O | Renewable electricity, from directly supplied ocean tides and waves, deemed to have a carbon intensity of zero | 0 | |
WAELEC002-R | Renewable electricity, from indirectly supplied electricity using Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs), deemed to have a carbon intensity of zero | 0 | |
WAELEC002-S | Renewable electricity, from directly supplied solar, deemed to have a carbon intensity of zero | 0 | |
WAELEC002-W | Renewable electricity, from directly supplied wind, deemed to have a carbon intensity of zero | 0 |
4 | Based on CARB estimate of 25% NG and 75% petroleum for PADD5. |
Table 7. Washington Substitute Fuel Pathway Codes
Fuel | Fuel Pathway code | CI (gCO2e/MJ) |
Substitute CI for Ethanol. This pathway may only be used to report transactions that are sales or purchases without obligation, exports, loss of inventory, not for transportation use, and exempt fuel use. | ETH0116 | 40 |
Substitute CI for Biodiesel. This pathway may only be used to report transactions that are sales or purchases without obligation, exports, loss of inventory, not for transportation use, and exempt fuel use. | BIOD0116 | 15 |
Substitute CI for Renewable Diesel. This pathway may only be used to report transactions that are sales or purchases without obligation, exports, loss of inventory, not for transportation use, and exempt fuel use. | RNWD0116 | 15 |
Substitute CI for Clear Gasoline. This pathway may only be used to report transactions that are sales or purchases without obligation, exports, loss of inventory, not for transportation use, and exempt fuel use. | WAGAS10116 | 100.46 |
Substitute CI for Clear Diesel. This pathway may only be used to report transactions that are sales or purchases without obligation, exports, loss of inventory, not for transportation use, and exempt fuel use. | WAULSD10116 | 101.18 |
Substitute CI for Alternative Jet Fuel. This pathway may only be used to report transactions that are sales or purchases without obligation, exports, loss of inventory, not for transportation use, and exempt fuel use. | WAAJF0116 | 15 |
Table 8. Washington Temporary Fuel Pathway Codes
Fuel | Feedstock | Process Energy | FPC | CI (gCO2e/MJ) |
Ethanol | Corn | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WAETH100T | 907 |
Sorghum | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WAETH101T | 958 | |
Sugarcane and Molasses | Bagasse and straw only, no grid electricity | WAETH102T | 55 | |
Any feedstock | Any | WAETH103T | 98.931 | |
Any cellulosic biomass including Corn Stover, Wheat Straw, or Sugarcane Straw | As specified in WA-GREET | WAETH104T | 50 | |
Biodiesel | Any feedstock derived from animal fats, corn oil, or a waste stream | Grid electricity, natural gas, and/or renewables | WABIOD200T | 45 |
Any feedstock derived from plant oils except for Palm-derived oils | Grid electricity, natural gas, and/or renewables | WABIOD201T | 65 | |
Any feedstock | Any | WABIOD202T | 100.112 | |
Distiller's corn oil | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WABIOD203T | 60 | |
Renewable Diesel | Any feedstock derived from animal fats, or a waste stream | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WARNWD300T | 45 |
Any feedstock derived from plant oils except for Palm-derived oils | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WARNWD301T | 65 | |
Any other feedstock | Any | WARNWD302T | 100.113 | |
Distiller's corn oil | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WARNWD303T | 60 | |
Biomethane CNG | Landfill Gas or Municipal Wastewater sludge | Grid electricity, and natural gas | WACNG500T | 65 |
Food Waste, Green Waste, or Other Organic Waste | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WACNG501T | 45 | |
Biomethane LNG | Landfill or Digester Gas or Municipal Wastewater sludge | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WALNG501T | 80 |
Municipal Wastewater sludge, Food Waste, Green Waste, or Other Organic Waste | Grid electricity, natural gas, and/or parasitic load | WALNG502T | 60 | |
Biomethane L-CNG | Landfill Gas or Municipal Wastewater sludge | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WALCNG502T | 85 |
Food Waste, Green Waste, or Other Organic Waste | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WALCNG503T | 65 | |
Biomethane CNG, LNG, L-CNG | Dairy and Swine Manure | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WALCNG504T | -150 |
Hydrogen (compressed or liquefied) with gaseous hydrogen transport distance of less than 500 miles or liquid hydrogen transport distance of less than 2,000 miles | Natural gas | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WAHYG601T | 185 |
Biomethane from nondairy and swine manure sources | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WAHYG602T | 175 | |
Biomethane from dairy and swine manure | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WAHYG603T | -40 | |
Electrolysis of water using zero-CI or negative-CI electricity | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WAHYG604T | 55 | |
Low-CI electricity produced by fuel cell | Biomethane from dairy and swine manure | N/A | N/A | -300 |
Renewable LPG | Fats, Oils, and Grease residues | Grid electricity, natural gas, and/or renewables | WARNWP400T | 50 |
Distiller's corn oil | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WARNWP402T | 60 | |
Any feedstock derived from plant oils (excluding palm and palm derivatives) | Grid electricity, natural gas, and/or renewables | WARNWP401T | 70 | |
Any other feedstock | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WARNWP403T | 100.11 (2017 Baseline for ULSD) | |
Alternative Jet Fuel | Any feedstock derived from animal fats or a waste stream | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WAAJF701T | 55 |
Any feedstock derived from plant oils (excluding palm oil and palm derivatives, as a sole feedstock or blended with other feedstocks) | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WAJF702T | 75 | |
Any other feedstock | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WAAJF703T | 100.11 (2017 Baseline for ULSD) | |
Distiller's corn oil | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WAAJF704T | 65 | |
Renewable Naphtha | Any feedstock derived from animal fats, or a waste stream | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WARNT900T | 50 |
Any feedstock derived from plant oils except for Palm-derived oils | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WARNT901T | 70 | |
Distiller's corn oil | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WARNT903T | 60 | |
Any other feedstock | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WARNT902T | 100.11 | |
Renewable Gasoline | Any feedstock derived from animal fats, or a waste stream | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WARNG000T | 50 |
Any feedstock derived from plant oils except for Palm-derived oils | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WARNG001T | 70 | |
Any other feedstock | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WARNG002T | 100.11 | |
Distiller's corn oil | Grid or renewable electricity, and natural gas | WARNG003T | 60 | |
Any Gasoline Substitute Feedstock- Fuel Combination Not Included Above | Any | Any | WASG800T | 98.934 |
Any Diesel Substitute Feedstock- Fuel Combination not Included Above | Any | Any | WASD801T | 100.115 |
1 | 2017 baseline carbon intensity for Washington gasoline is 98.93 gCO2e/MJ. |
2 | 2017 baseline carbon intensity for Washington diesel is 100.11 gCO2e/MJ. |
3 | 2017 baseline carbon intensity for Washington diesel is 100.11 gCO2e/MJ. |
4 | 2017 baseline carbon intensity for Washington gasoline is 98.93 gCO2e/MJ. |
5 | 2017 baseline carbon intensity for Washington diesel is 100.11 gCO2e/MJ. |
7 | Reflects an iLUC value of 19.8. If iLUC value under WA CFS is modified, this may be adjusted accordingly. |
8 | Reflects an iLUC value of 19.4. If iLUC value under WA CFS is modified, this may be adjusted accordingly. |
Table 9. Summary Checklist of Quarterly and Annual Reporting Requirements
Parameters to report | Gasoline & Diesel Fuel | Ethanol, Biomass based diesel, Renewable Diesel, Alternative Jet Fuel, Other alternative fuels | Natural Gas and Propane | Electricity | Hydrogen |
For Quarterly Reporting | |||||
Organization/Company | x | x | x | x | x |
Organization FEIN | x | x | x | x | x |
Fuel Pathway Code | x | x | x | x | x |
Transaction Type | x | x | x | x | x |
*Transaction Date | x | x | x | x | x |
Business Partner (if applicable) | x | x | x | x | x |
Production Company ID and Facility ID | x** | x** | x** | n/a | x** |
Fuel Supplying Equipment ID | n/a | n/a | x | x | x |
Vehicle Identifier (if applicable) | n/a | n/a | n/a | x | n/a |
Physical Transport Mode Code (all) | x | x | x | x | x |
Aggregated Transaction Indicator (T/F) | x | x | x | n/a | x |
Fuel Application/EER | x | x | x | x | x |
Amount of each gasoline and diesel blendstock | x | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Amount of each fuel used as gasoline or diesel replacement | n/a | x | x | x | x |
Amount of each fuel used as a jet fuel replacement | n/a | x | n/a | n/a | n/a |
MCON or other crude oil name designation, volume (in gal), and country (or state) of origin for each crude supplied to the refinery | x | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Credits/deficits generated per quarter (MT) | x | x | x | x | x |
For Annual Compliance Reporting (in addition to the items above) | |||||
***Credits/deficits generated per year (MT) | x | x | x | x | x |
***Credits/deficits carried over from the previous year (MT), if any | x | x | x | x | x |
***Credits acquired from another entity (MT), if any | x | x | x | x | x |
***Credits sold to another entity (MT), if any | x | x | x | x | x |
***Credits pledged for sale into CCM (MT) from another entity, if any | x | x | x | x | x |
***Credits retired within CFP (MT) to meet compliance obligation, if any | x | x | x | x | x |
MCON or other crude oil name designation, volume (in gal), and country (or state) of origin for each crude supplied to the refinery. | x | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
* Same as Title Transfer Date; For Aggregated Transactions enter the last day of the reporting period. ** Does not apply to Gasoline blendstock, Diesel Fuel, Fossil Propane, or Fossil NG. *** Value will be calculated, stored and displayed in the WFRS. | |||||
Table 10. Utility-Specific Carbon Intensity of Electricity1
Fuel Mix Disclosure Claimant ID | Claimant Utility Name | 2020 Carbon Intensity of electricity, gCO2e/MJ |
1 | Alder Mutual Light | 7.06 |
4 | Benton County PUD #1 | 6.43 |
5 | Benton Rural Electric Assn. | 7.07 |
6 | Big Bend Electric Coop | 16.19 |
12 | City of Blaine | 7.07 |
18 | Centralia City Light | 48.63 |
19 | Chelan County PUD #1 | 0.00 |
20 | Cheney Light Department | 16.21 |
21 | Chewelah Electric Department | 7.07 |
22 | Clallam County PUD #1 | 6.97 |
23 | Clark County PUD #1 | 61.14 |
26 | Clearwater Power (WA) | 7.09 |
30 | Columbia Rural Electric Assn. (WA) | 20.01 |
32 | Coulee Dam, Town of | 7.06 |
33 | Cowlitz County PUD #1 | 16.10 |
35 | Douglas County PUD #1 | 41.01 |
38 | Eatonville Electric Department | 7.07 |
39 | Elmhurst Mutual Power & Light | 7.07 |
41 | Ellensburg Electric Division | 7.07 |
44 | Ferry County PUD #1 | 7.07 |
46 | Franklin County PUD #1 | 10.83 |
47 | Grays Harbor County PUD #1 | 7.17 |
48 | Inland Power & Light | 14.19 |
51 | Kittitas County PUD #1 | 7.31 |
52 | Klickitat County PUD #1 | 25.18 |
53 | Kootenai Electric Coop | 0.00 |
54 | Lakeview Light & Power | 7.07 |
56 | Lewis County PUD #1 | 6.59 |
59 | McCleary Light & Power | 7.06 |
63 | Milton Electric Division | 7.07 |
64 | Modern Electric Water Company | 7.07 |
66 | Nespelem Valley Electric Coop | 7.07 |
69 | Northern Lights (WA) | 6.61 |
71 | Ohop Mutual Light | 7.07 |
72 | Okanogan County PUD #1 | 10.63 |
73 | Okanogan County Electric Coop | 0.00 |
75 | Orcas Power & Light Coop | 0.00 |
76 | Pacific County PUD #2 | 14.65 |
81 | Parkland Light & Water | 7.07 |
82 | Grant County PUD #2 | 118.63 |
83 | Pend Oreille County PUD #1 | 11.73 |
84 | Peninsula Light | 6.27 |
85 | Asotin County PUD #1 | 7.03 |
86 | Port Angeles Light Operations | 7.07 |
88 | Wahkiakum County PUD #1 | 7.07 |
89 | Mason County PUD #3 | 6.78 |
90 | Puget Sound Energy | 134.79 |
91 | Richland Energy Services | 18.21 |
92 | Ruston, Town of | 0.53 |
95 | Seattle City Light | 4.45 |
96 | Skamania County PUD #1 | 7.07 |
97 | Snohomish County PUD #1 | 6.22 |
99 | Steilacoom Electric Utility | 7.07 |
101 | Sumas, City of | 7.07 |
102 | Tacoma Power | 4.02 |
103 | Tanner Electric Coop | 7.07 |
106 | Vera Water & Power | 14.57 |
109 | Avista (WA) | 113.08 |
111 | Mason County PUD #1 | 6.60 |
117 | Whatcom County PUD #1 | 7.07 |
118 | Jefferson County PUD #1 | 7.07 |
119 | Port of Seattle | 7.07 |
120 | Yakama Power | 7.07 |
124 | Port Townsend | 0.00 |
130 | Pacific Power (WA) | 178.47 |
143 | Solar City (WA) | 0.00 |
144 | Kalispel Tribal Utility | 7.07 |
157 | Okanogan County Electric Coop | 15.64 |
158 | Orcas Power & Light Coop | 7.07 |
160 | Energy Northwest | 7.06 |
161 | Consolidated Irrigation District #19 | 7.11 |
162 | Fairchild Airforce Base | 7.07 |
1 | Updates to this table will be provided annually on the CFS website. |
[Statutory Authority: Chapter 70A.535 RCW and RCW 70A.02.060. WSR 25-21-106 (Order 23-10), s 173-424-900, filed 10/20/25, effective 11/20/25. Statutory Authority: Chapter 70A.535 RCW. WSR 22-24-004 (Order 21-04), § 173-424-900, filed 11/28/22, effective 12/29/22.]