(1) Purpose. The purpose of this chapter is to provide minimum requirements to safeguard the health and general welfare of occupants of temporary worker housing (TWH) by regulating and controlling the design, construction, materials, location and maintenance of all buildings and structures within the authority of chapter 246-358 WAC (the TWH rules) and this chapter.

(2) Scope. This chapter implements the requirements established by RCW 70.114A.081 and 43.70.337 to provide minimum construction requirements for new, relocated, existing or altered buildings and structures or portions thereof intended for use as TWH. Such buildings and structures must be licensed by the Washington state department of health under chapter 246-358 WAC and designated as "temporary worker housing." Buildings and structures which are not licensed, inspected and approved by the department of health must meet the provisions of the state building code under the local authority having jurisdiction and local ordinances.

(1) This chapter applies only to temporary worker housing as defined in RCW 43.70.334 through 43.70.340 and chapter 70.114A RCW.

(2) TWH meeting the requirements of subsection (1) of this section must:

(a) Be located on a rural worksite; and

(b) Comply with:

(i) Chapter 246-358 WAC (TWH rules); and

(ii) The electrical code, chapter 296-46B WAC.

(3) Existing structures built as nonresidential buildings, according to the state building code, may be licensed as TWH by complying with the specific requirements of WAC 246-359-600, alternate construction, and approved under the authority of this chapter.

(4) Alterations to residential housing constructed according to the state building code and approved by the authority having jurisdiction must comply with:

(a) The authority having jurisdiction for issuing building permits; and

(b) This chapter.

(5) TWH built in compliance with this chapter is exempt from state building code accessibility laws, RCW 19.27.031(5).

(6) Temporary worker housing built in compliance with this chapter which is subsequently converted to another use becomes subject to all local requirements for such use as enforced by the authority having jurisdiction.

(7) This chapter does not apply to:

(a) Housing built for use by the general public which is governed by chapter 59.18 RCW (Residential Landlord-Tenant Act) or chapter 59.20 RCW (Mobile Home Landlord-Tenant Act);

(b) Factory assembled structures as defined in this chapter, except for the requirements in subsection (8) of this section; and

(c) The construction of structures governed by the state building code and enforced by the authority having jurisdiction.

(8) This chapter is limited to issuing a construction permit for factory assembled structures to meet the following requirements:

(a) On-site installation; and

(b) Inspection of the site, foundation, and hook-ups, including, but not limited to: Potable water, sewage disposal systems, or gas connections.

The following definitions apply throughout this chapter unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

(1) "Alter" or "alteration" means any change, major repair, addition or modification in construction.

(2) "Architect" means an individual licensed by chapter 18.08 RCW to practice in the state of Washington.

(3) "Cherry harvest camp" means a place where housing and related facilities are provided to agricultural employees by agricultural employers or TWH operators for their use while employed for the harvest of cherries in the state of Washington.

(4) "Common" means a shared facility provided by the operator for all occupants of the TWH.

(5) "Construction permit" means a permit issued by the department of health which allows the applicant to construct structures according to this chapter.

(6) "Construction standard" means temporary worker housing construction code as defined in RCW 70.114A.081.

(7) "Dining hall" means a cafeteria-type eating place with food furnished by and prepared under the direction of the operator for consumption, with or without charge, by occupants.

(8) "DOSH" means division of occupational safety and health, chapter 49.17 RCW administered by the department of labor and industries.

(9) "Dwelling unit" means a shelter, tent, building, or portion of a building, which may include cooking and eating facilities, that is:

(a) Provided and designated by the operator as either a sleeping area, living area, or both, for occupants; and

(b) Physically separated from other sleeping areas and common areas. As used in this subsection, "physically separated" means a physical wall separating rooms.

(10) "Engineer" means an individual licensed by chapter 18.43 RCW to practice in the state of Washington.

(11) "Factory assembled structures" or "FAS" means those structures under the authority of chapter 43.22 RCW and chapters 296-150F through 296-150T WAC including:

(a) Mobile and manufactured homes;

(b) Recreational vehicles;

(c) Recreational park trailers; and

(d) Factory-built housing which is any structure designed for human occupancy other than a manufactured or mobile home, where the structure or any room of which is either entirely or substantially prefabricated or assembled at a place other than a building site.

(12) "Family shelter" means a dwelling unit with sleeping facilities for up to fifteen occupants that may include toilet or cooking facilities. If services such as bathing, food-handling, or toilet facilities are provided in the family shelter, they are for the sole use of the occupants of the family shelter.

(13) "Floor area" or "floor space" is the area included within the surrounding exterior walls of a building or portion thereof with a minimum of seven foot ceilings.

(14) "Food-handling facility" means an enclosed area provided by the operator for occupants to prepare their own food, and may be within a family shelter or common facility.

(15) "Habitable room" or "habitable space" is a room or space in a structure used for living, sleeping, eating, or cooking. Bathing facilities, toilet facilities, closets, halls, storage or utility space, and similar areas, are not considered habitable rooms.

(16) "Jurisdiction having authority" means, a local county or city building or health or zoning or public works department or state department of health or ecology or labor and industries, etc.

(17) "Livestock" means horses, cows, pigs, sheep, goats, poultry, etc.

(18) "Occupant" means a temporary worker or a person who resides with a temporary worker at the TWH.

(19) "Operator" means a person holding legal title to the land on which the TWH is located. If the legal title and the right to possession are in different persons, "operator" means a person having the lawful control or supervision over the TWH.

(20) "Recreational park trailers" means a trailer-type unit that is primarily designed to provide temporary living quarters for recreational, camping, or seasonal use, that meets the following criteria:

(a) Built on a single chassis, mounted on wheels;

(b) Having a gross trailer area not exceeding four hundred square feet (37.15 square meters) in the set-up mode;

(c) Certified by the manufacturer as complying with American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard A119.5; and

(d) Compliant with chapter 296-150P WAC.

(21) "Recreational vehicle" means a vehicular type unit that is compliant with chapter 296-150R WAC and primarily designed as temporary living quarters for recreational camping, travel, or seasonal use that either has its own motive of power or is mounted on, or towed by, another vehicle. Recreational vehicles include: Camping trailers, fifth-wheel trailers, motor homes, travel trailers, and truck campers, but do not include pickup trucks with camper shells, canopies, or other similar coverings.

(22) "Special inspector" means a person paid at the applicant's expense to conduct special inspections when the department determines the required inspections are not sufficient.

(23) "State building code" means the building code, plumbing code, mechanical code, and residential and fire code as referenced under RCW 19.27.031.

(24) "Temporary worker" means a person employed intermittently and not residing year-round at the same site.

(25) "Temporary worker housing (TWH)" or "housing" means a place, area, or piece of land where sleeping places or housing sites are provided by an agricultural employer for his or her agricultural employees or by another person, including a temporary worker housing operator, who is providing such accommodations for employees, for temporary, seasonal occupancy. THW includes cherry harvest camps.

(26) "Tent" means an enclosure or shelter used at a cherry harvest camp and constructed of fabric or pliable material composed of rigid framework to support a tensioned membrane that provides a weather barrier.

The department of health:

(1) Is authorized and directed to enforce all the provisions of this chapter, according to the laws as enacted by the Washington state legislature.

(2) Has the power to issue written interpretations of this chapter as long as the interpretations are in conformance with the intent and purpose of this chapter and the regulated community is informed of these interpretations.

(3) May adopt and enforce rules and supplemental regulations to clarify the application of the provisions of this chapter consistent with the intent and purpose of this chapter.

(1) Department of health authority. The department has authority to enter any building or area used for TWH, at reasonable times to:

(a) Inspect the site for compliance with this chapter and related standards; and

(b) Determine, based on reasonable cause, if a building or condition on the premises is unsafe, dangerous or hazardous.

(2) Refusal of entry. When the operator refuses entry or has required a warrant, the department of health will seek remedies provided by law to secure entry to the TWH site.

(3) Occupied TWH. The department of health must present credentials to the occupant and request the right to enter a dwelling unit when occupants are in residence.

(4) Unoccupied TWH. When a dwelling unit does not have occupants in residence, the department of health must make a reasonable effort to locate the operator of the TWH to request entry.

(1) The department of health may deny, suspend, modify, or revoke a permit in any case in which it finds that there has been a failure or refusal to comply with the requirements of chapter 70.114A RCW or this chapter.

(2) The department of health's notice of a denial, suspension, modification, or revocation of a license will be consistent with RCW 43.70.115. An applicant or license holder has the right to an adjudicative proceeding to contest a decision.

(3) An applicant may request a hearing to contest the department of health permit decision. The request must meet the following requirements:

(a) Be in writing;

(b) State the basis for contesting the permit decision;

(c) Include a copy of the department of health's notice of denial;

(d) Be served on and received by the department within twenty-eight days of the applicant or operator receiving the denial; and

(e) Be served in a manner which shows proof of receipt at the following address:

Adjudicative Clerk Office

310 Israel Rd. S.E.

Olympia, WA 98504-7879.

(4) The proceeding is governed by the Administrative Procedure Act, chapter 34.05 RCW, this chapter, and chapters 246-08 and 246-10 WAC. If a provision in this chapter conflicts with chapter 246-08 or 246-10 WAC, the provision in this chapter governs.

An applicant may apply for a minor variance from the requirements of this chapter by filing a written request with the department of health. As used in this section, a minor variance means an alternative method of construction or design that must achieve the same result as the requirements of this chapter and protects the health and safety of the occupants.

(1) Responsibilities of applicant. If requesting a minor variance, an applicant must:

(a) Submit the following information in writing:

(i) The specific requirement or requirements from which the variance is requested;

(ii) Adequate justification that the variance is needed to obtain a beneficial use of the housing or to prevent a practical difficulty; and

(iii) How the variance will achieve the same result as the requirement and any specific alternative measures to be taken to protect the health and safety of the occupants.

(b) Pay a fee set by the department of health according to WAC 246-359-990, Table I; and

(c) Follow the process stated in WAC 246-359-060, alternate construction, when applicable.

(2) Department of health response. The department of health will provide a written response to the applicant within forty-five days of receipt of the minor variance request. The written response will state the acceptance or denial of the variance, including the reasons for the department of health's decision. At a minimum the department of health will make its decision based on:

(a) The applicant's request as described in subsection (1) of this section;

(b) Research into the variance request; and

(c) Expert advice.

(3) Applicant's response to denials. According to chapter 34.05 RCW the applicant has twenty-one days after receiving the department of health's written denial, of the variance request, to contest the decision.

(1) The department of health will require construction documents to be prepared by an architect or engineer for any construction described under:

(a) WAC 246-359-600, alternate construction;

(b) WAC 246-359-710, installation requirements for factory assembled structures;

(c) WAC 246-359-720, installation requirements for manufactured homes.

(2) The applicant must provide the name of the architect or engineer of record on the construction permit application.

(3) The applicant is responsible to notify the department of health, in writing, when the architect or engineer of record changes or is no longer able to review and coordinate all the necessary submittal documents for compatibility with the design of the building.

(1) To have construction documents reviewed the applicant must submit to the department of health:

(a) A completed and signed application, on a form provided by the department of health, for each structure (individual building);

(b) The required plan review fee, according to WAC 246-359-990;

(c) Two sets of construction documents, on substantial paper, including:

(i) Plans and diagrams drawn to scale;

(ii) Specifications;

(iii) Computations; and

(iv) Other documents needed to determine if the provisions of this chapter and related state rules are being met, for example solid waste disposal management plan or soil testing;

(d) When applicable, manufacturer's installation instructions as required for factory assembled structures, WAC 246-359-710, and manufactured homes, WAC 246-359-720;

(e) Proof of an adequate approved potable water supply to meet the intended use of the TWH and which meets the requirements of chapters 246-290 and 246-291 WAC (water rules) and WAC 296-307-16130;

(f) Copy of the on-site sewage system permit from the jurisdiction having authority;

(g) Proof of a water right permit from the department of ecology, when required;

(h) Proof of current approval from the department of labor and industries, when required, for factory assembled structures; and

(i) Proof the project meets zoning requirements as established for height, setback and road access under the authority having jurisdiction.

(2) The plans and specifications must clearly identify in detail the location, nature and extent of the work proposed.

(3) The department of health will only begin plan review when:

(a) All the documents required in this section are submitted; and

(b) The plan review fee is received.

(4) The department of health can refund up to eighty percent of the plan review fee if the applicant submits a written request to stop the project before the plan review process is complete. Refunds are based on the plan review fee paid as required by Table I in WAC 246-359-990 and the amount of plan review completed as determined by the department.

(5) The department of health will charge an additional plan review fee according to Table I in WAC 246-359-990, when:

(a) Site inspections determine the project has not been built according to the approved construction documents and an additional plan review is required; or

(b) Revised construction documents are submitted after approval of the initial construction documents.

(1) The department of health will notify the applicant in writing:

(a) With a "plan review approval letter" when the construction documents meet the requirements of this chapter; or

(b) With a "not approved letter" when the construction documents do not meet the requirements of this chapter and a resubmission of plans or documents is required by the department of health for approval.

(2) The applicant has a period of one year from the date of the plan review approval letter to submit the construction permit fee or the plan review approval will expire.

(3) The department of health will destroy all construction documents related to the project when the plan review approval expires.

(4) To renew action on an expired plan review the applicant must resubmit the construction documents and pay a new plan review fee to the department of health as required in WAC 246-359-990.

(5) Construction documents modified after the department of health issues approval must be resubmitted for approval with an additional fee as specified in WAC 246-359-070.

(1) The department of health will issue a construction permit when:

(a) Construction documents are approved according to WAC 246-359-080; and

(b) Permit and inspection fees are paid according to WAC 246-359-990.

(2) Construction can begin after the applicant is issued a construction permit by the department of health;

(3) The following conditions, at a minimum, must be met during construction:

(a) The "inspection record card" must be posted in a visible location at the worksite and be readily accessible to the inspector at the worksite; and

(b) The approved plans must be readily available to the inspector during all scheduled inspections.

(4) The department of health will void the permit and the applicant's right to continue construction when:

(a) The plans are changed, modified or altered without prior approval by the department of health as specified in WAC 246-359-080;

(b) Any deviation in construction or design is made from the approved plans; and

(c) The inspection record card and the approved plans are not readily and easily available to the inspector.

(1) Permit expiration. The permit will be considered null and void one year from the date the permit was issued if the applicant:

(a) Has not initiated the work authorized by the permit;

(b) Suspends or abandons the authorized work at any time after the work has begun by not calling for the next required inspection within one year after a required inspection;

(c) Has not applied for a time extension according to the requirements in subsection (2) of this section.

(2) Permit extension. The applicant can apply for a one time only extension when the request is made in writing to the department of health:

(a) Before the permit expires;

(b) Stating reasons satisfactory to the department of health;

(c) The original plans and specifications will be used and no changes have been made or are planned to be made; and

(d) The applicable standards have not changed.

(3) Any applicant who does not apply for an extension according to the requirements in this section cannot resume work unless the applicant:

(a) Resubmits plans according to WAC 246-359-070; and

(b) Pays full plan review and permit fee according to WAC 246-359-990.

(4) The department of health can refund up to eighty percent of the construction permit fee if the applicant submits a written request before construction starts. The refund will be determined by the department of health based on the permit fee paid as required by Table I in WAC 246-359-990.

(1) Construction of TWH allowed by this chapter can only begin after a construction permit has been issued by the department of health as described in WAC 246-359-090.

(2) A person who begins any work without a construction permit will be subject to an investigation and an investigation fee as described in WAC 246-359-990 whether or not a permit is then or subsequently issued. An investigation and investigation fee will be in addition to any other "additional" inspections or fees described in WAC 246-359-990.

(3) The department of health will determine if the person initiating building or work without a required construction permit is:

(a) Under the authority of this chapter and must follow the construction permit process defined in this chapter; or

(b) Found to be outside the authority of this chapter and must be reported to the jurisdiction having authority and the prosecuting attorney of that jurisdiction.

The department of health or its designee, when notified by the applicant in writing has authority to conduct all of the inspections described in this section.

(1) Site/foundation inspection. To be made after excavations for footings are complete, and after any required forms and reinforcing steel are in place, but before any concrete has been placed.

(2) Concrete slab or under-floor inspection. To be made after all in-slab or under-floor building service equipment, conduit, piping accessories and other ancillary equipment items are in place, but before any concrete is placed or floor sheathing installed, including the subfloor.

(3) Framing/rough-in inspection. To be made after the roof, all framing, wall, and roof members are in place including fire blocking and bracing, heating, and rough electrical and plumbing has been installed.

(4) Final inspection. To be made after finish grading and the building is completed and ready for occupancy.

(5) Additional inspections. To be made after the applicant has received notification that an additional inspection or inspections are necessary. The department of health will conduct the following additional inspections to:

(a) Assure the requirements of this chapter are being met, specifically to verify:

(i) Stop work orders, WAC 246-359-130, are adhered to;

(ii) Approved plans, according to WAC 246-359-080, have not been altered without prior department of health approval; and

(iii) A construction permit has been issued according to WAC 246-359-090;

(b) Determine compliance with other required laws or ordinances necessary to enforce this chapter; and

(c) Determine if an approved variance is being followed, when verification cannot be determined through the inspections described in subsections (1) through (4) of this section.

(6) Special inspections. To be made by a special inspector when the applicant is building to the alternate construction standards and the inspections required in subsections (1) through (5) of this section are not sufficient to determine compliance with the alternate construction methods.

(7) Reinspections. Reinspections will be conducted and a reinspection fee charged for each reinspection conducted for the following reasons:

(a) Work for which an inspection is requested and is not complete;

(b) Required corrections called for have not been made;

(c) The inspection record card is not posted or readily available at the worksite;

(d) The approved plans are not readily available to the inspector; and

(e) The inspector's request for equipment or information was not provided at the site preventing the inspector from conducting the scheduled inspection.

(8) FAS inspections.

(a) Inspections of FAS site foundations will be conducted at the following events, where applicable:

(i) After excavation for footings or after foundation stem walls are completed;

(ii) After required forms and reinforcing steel are in place for footings and foundation stem walls;

(iii) Before concrete has been poured; and

(iv) At the following stages during concrete slab or under-floor inspection:

(A) After all slab, runner, or under-floor building service material, such as conduit, piping, accessories and other ancillary equipment items are in place; and

(B) Before any concrete has been cured or floor sheathing installed, including the subfloor.

(b) Inspections of unit settings, anchoring and hook-ups include, but are not limited to, potable water, sewage disposal systems, or gas connections. Inspections will be conducted:

(i) After the FAS unit(s) has been delivered; and

(ii) Include bracing, anchoring, any below floor ducting installation, and rough electrical and plumbing.

(c) Final inspections will be conducted after finish grading and the building is completed and ready for occupancy. Final inspections will determine if required ventilation, water, septic, electrical, and, if installed, gas systems are installed, connected, and operable.

(1) The department of health, upon notifying the applicant in writing, will order work to be stopped when the work being done is found to be contrary to:

(a) The approved plans;

(b) The requirements of this chapter; or

(c) Other laws or ordinances required and necessary to enforce this chapter at a minimum as stated in WAC 246-359-005(4), applicability.

(2) If the department of health finds work being done contrary to subsection (1) of this section the department of health, in addition to notifying the applicant in writing, will post a "stop work order" on the construction site.

(3) The applicant is prohibited from continuing any work or causing any work to be performed until solutions to rectify the conditions causing the stop work order have been approved by the department of health.

(4) The department of health will document removal of the stop work order by:

(a) Providing the applicant written authorization to proceed with the work; and

(b) Removing or causing the "stop work order" to be removed.

(1) The department of health will issue a "certificate of completion" when:

(a) The inspector determines the project is completed in compliance with the approved construction documents;

(b) The department of health determines the project is in compliance with this chapter and related rules including:

(i) Proof the potable water supply is approved and adequate to meet the requirements of chapters 246-290 and 246-291 WAC (water rules) and DOSH;

(ii) Proof the sewage disposal system has been approved by the jurisdiction having authority, for example, city or county health or public works department, state department of health or state department of ecology; and

(iii) Proof the electrical system has been approved by the jurisdiction having authority, for example, Washington state department of labor and industries or the city building or planning departments.

(2) Applying for a license. The applicant may apply for a TWH license according to chapter 246-358 WAC at any time after receiving a certificate of completion from the department of health. The applicant must receive a TWH operating license prior to operating the TWH site.

(1) The site used for TWH must be:

(a) Adequately drained and not subject to periodic flooding;

(b) Located a distance of at least two hundred feet from all surface water;

(c) Located so the drainage from and through the TWH will not endanger any domestic or public water supply;

(d) Graded, ditched, and made free from depressions which allow water to become a nuisance;

(e) Adequate in size to prevent overcrowding of necessary structures; and

(f) Located on a slope which is not more than one unit (inches, feet, etc.) vertical per twenty units horizontal.

(2) Any structure used for sleeping or preparing and serving food must be located at least five hundred feet from any area in which livestock is kept.

(3) All TWH structures must be located a minimum of ten feet from any other structure or building.

(4) The TWH must have adequate lighting to provide safe passage for occupants to travel between TWH facilities.

(5) Common toilet facilities must meet the following:

(a) When a toilet is in a separate building from the sleeping room, the toilet room must be not more than two hundred feet from the door of each dwelling unit;

(b) No person has to pass through a sleeping room to reach common toilet facilities;

(c) Comply with the toilet ratios identified in WAC 246-359-560;

(d) If the TWH will provide for occupancy by both sexes, there must be separate toilet rooms for each sex that meet the required ratio as defined in Table 1 of WAC 246-358-093 and separate facilities by solid walls or partitions extending from the floor to the roof or ceiling when facilities for each sex are located in the same building; and

(e) Common toilet facilities used for both men and women must:

(i) Have separate and distinct entrances on separate walls;

(ii) Must be separated by at least twenty feet; and

(iii) Locate the women's entrance to be visible from and oriented toward the majority of the TWH dwelling units.

(1) Rooms used for sleeping purposes must have a minimum of fifty square feet of floor space for each occupant.

(2) Rooms used for cooking, living, and sleeping must have a minimum of one hundred square feet per temporary worker. Sanitary facilities shall be provided for storing and preparing food.

(3) All habitable rooms and spaces including halls and toilet rooms must have at least a seven foot clear height from the floor to the ceiling or exposed ceiling framing.

(1) When building with wood or CMU as required by WAC 246-359-200 through 246-359-580 the following requirements apply:

(a) Floor area must be limited to three thousand six hundred square feet per building;

(b) Height must be limited to one story; and

(c) All floor surfaces must be above grade, no basements.

(2) When building to WAC 246-359-600, alternate construction, the limitations in subsection (1) of this section do not apply.

(1) Concrete used for footings and foundations must have a minimum compressive strength of two thousand pounds per square inch (psi). Concrete must be mixed and delivered in accordance with the requirements of ASTM C94 (Ready-Mix Concrete), or may be field mixed. Field mixed concrete will be subject to independent compressive strength testing and special inspection.

(2) Concrete footings must be placed on firm, undisturbed soil.

(3) Concrete footings must be continuous, be a minimum of twelve inches wide by six inches thick, be reinforced with a minimum of two No. 4 continuous rebar, and be at least eighteen inches below finished grade measured from the bottom of the footing.

(4) Concrete foundations must be a minimum of six inches thick, be reinforced with a minimum of one continuous horizontal No. 4 rebar within twelve inches from the top, and one continuous horizontal No. 4 rebar near mid-height, be reinforced vertically with No. 4 at forty-eight inches on center, extend at least six inches above the finished grade, and have a total height of not greater than forty-eight inches.

(5) Concrete foundation stem walls that are formed by a thickened concrete slab edge as part of a slab on grade floor must be reinforced with one piece of No. 4 rebar in the upper part and one piece of No. 4 rebar in the lower part of the foundation. The concrete floor will be reinforced according to WAC 246-359-430. The thickened concrete slab edge must extend at least eighteen inches below finished grade, be at least twelve inches in width, and provide a slab height of at least six inches above finished grade.

(6) Where the walls are of wood construction, the treated foundation plates or sills must be bolted to the foundation or foundation wall with not less than one-half inch nominal diameter steel bolts embedded at least seven inches into the concrete and spaced not more than seventy-two inches apart. There must be a minimum of two bolts per piece with one bolt located within twelve inches of each end of each piece. A properly sized nut and washer must be tightened on each bolt to secure the place.

(1) Buildings constructed using wood materials must follow the requirements of WAC 246-359-001 through 246-359-340 to comply with this chapter.

(2) Wood structural members in contact with the ground, and/or concrete must be pressure treated and must bear the proper grade mark of an approved inspection/testing agency.

(1) All lumber and plywood used for wood foundation systems must be pressure treated and bear the grade mark FDN (foundation grade) or better.

(2) Where FDN lumber and plywood is cut or drilled after treatment, the cut surface must be field treated with a preservative that is designated for that purpose.

(3) Hot-dipped zinc-coated steel nails or stainless steel fasteners will be used as fasteners for treated wood foundation walls. Electrogalvanized nails or staples and hot-dipped zinc-coated staples cannot be used.

(4) Treated wood foundations must have composite footings consisting of a minimum two-by-eight lumber footing plate set eighteen inches below finished grade on top of a layer of gravel, coarse sand or crushed stone. The gravel, sand, or crushed stone footing will have a width of not less than sixteen inches and a depth of not less than six inches, and must be placed in firm, undisturbed soil.

(5) The gravel, sand, or crushed stone footing must consist of:

(a) Washed and graded gravel free from organic, clayey or silty soils with a maximum stone size not exceeding three-fourths inch;

(b) Coarse sand free from organic, clayey, or silty soils with a minimum grain size of one-sixteenth inch; or

(c) Crushed stone with a maximum size of one-half inch.

(6) Treated wood foundation walls must be constructed of two-by-six studs at a minimum of sixteen inches on center with a double two-by-six top plate. Cover the studs with a minimum one-half inch thick pressure treated exterior plywood sheathing placed on the exterior of the studs. Treated wood foundation walls will not be greater than forty-eight inches measured from the bottom of the footing plate to the top of the double top plate.

(7) Joints in the footing plate and top plates must be staggered at least one stud space. Framing at locations where openings occur in the wall and floor systems above, and at other points of concentrated loads must have studs added at those points to support the concentrated loads.

(8) Before backfilling, cover the gravel, sand, or crushed stone appearing outside the treated wood foundation wall with strips of six-mil thick polyethylene sheeting, Type 30 felt, or equivalent material with adjacent strips lapped to provide for water seepage while preventing excessive infiltration of fine soils.

(9) Backfill on the outside to eight inches or more below the top of the treated wood foundation walls. Backfill on the inside of the treated wood foundation walls (crawl space) a minimum depth of six inches above the top of the footing plate.

(1) Girders.

(a) Girders supporting floor joists must be a minimum four-by-six Hem-Fir #2, spaced not more than eight feet on center, and placed at least twelve inches above ground.

(b) Girders must be continuous, or must be spliced over supports. When a girder is spliced over a support, a positive tie to the support must be provided.

(c) Each end of each girder member must have a minimum three inch of bearing on treated wood plates or treated wood posts.

(2) Floor joists.

(a) Floor joists must be a minimum two-by-six spaced sixteen inches on center or two-by-eight spaced twenty-four inches on center, Hem-Fir #2 or better, spanning not more than eight feet between supports, and placed at least eighteen inches above ground.

(b) Floor joists must be continuous or spliced only over a support with a minimum three-inch lap.

(c) The end of each joist must have not less than three inch bearing on treated wood plate.

(d) Notches on the ends of joists cannot not exceed one fourth the joist depth. Holes bored in joists cannot be within two inches of the top or bottom of the joist, and the diameter of any such hole cannot exceed one-third the depth of the joist. Notches in the top or bottom of joists cannot exceed one-sixth the depth and cannot be located in the middle third of the span.

(e) Floor joists must have solid blocking at the ends and at each support. Solid blocking cannot be less than two inches nominal in thickness and the full depth of the joist.

(3) Interior bearing. Interior bearing footings (pads) must be of plain concrete at least sixteen inches by sixteen inches by eight inches thick placed on firm undisturbed soil.

(4) Ventilation. Under floor areas (crawl spaces) must be ventilated by one-fourth inch screened openings of not less than one square foot of opening for each one hundred fifty square feet of under-floor area.

(5) Supporting interior bearing partitions. Interior bearing partitions perpendicular to floor joists must not be offset from support girders more than the joist depth. Interior bearing partitions parallel to the floor joists must be supported by a doubled floor joist located directly under the interior bearing partition.

(6) Subflooring. Subflooring must be structural wood panels (plywood or OSB), particleboard subfloor or combination subfloor-underlayment, or solid wood.

(a) Structural wood panels will be tongue-and-groove installed perpendicular to the floor joists with end joints occurring over floor joists. The minimum thickness must be five-eighth inches (eleven-sixteenths inches) over floor joists spaced sixteen inches on center and three-fourths inches (twenty-five thirty-seconds inches) over floor joists spaced twenty-four inches on center. Structural wood panels must be grade stamped for use and span. Secure structural wood panels to the floor joist system by use of either nails or glue and nails combination. In both systems, nails must be 8d common or deformed shank, spaced six inches on center at the edges and twelve inches on center at intermediate supports.

(b) Particleboard subfloor or combination subfloor-underlayment must be installed perpendicular to the floor joists. The minimum thickness must be five-eighths inches over floor joists spaced sixteen inches on center and three-fourths inches over floor joists spaced twenty-four inches on center. Particleboard must be grade stamped for use and span. Secure particleboard to the floor joist system by use of either nails or glue and nails combination. In both systems, nails must be 8d common or deformed shank, spaced six inches on center at the support edges and twelve inches on center at intermediate supports.

(c) Solid wood must be a minimum size of one-inch by six-inch nominal tongue-and-groove wood strip flooring applied perpendicular or diagonally to the floor joists. Secure solid wood flooring to the floor joist system by use of either nails or glue and nails combination as follows for:

(i) Wood strip flooring six inches or less must be nailed to each floor joist by "2-8d" common or box nails; or

(ii) Wood strip flooring greater than six inches must be nailed to each floor joist by "3-8d" common or box nails.

(1) Exterior walls and interior partitions must be framed as follows:

(a) Studs must be minimum two-by-four wood, Hem-Fir stud grade or better, spaced not more than sixteen inches on center, support no more than one ceiling and one roof, nor exceed eight feet in height for exterior walls.

(b) Studs must be placed with their wide dimension perpendicular to the wall. Not less than three studs must be installed at each corner of an exterior wall.

(c) Studs must be capped with double top plates installed to provide overlapping at corners and at intersections with other partitions. End joints in double top plates must be offset at least forty-eight inches.

(d) Studs must have full bearing on a plate or sill not less than two inches nominal in thickness having a width not less than that of the wall studs.

(2) Headers. All openings four feet wide or less in bearing walls must be provided with headers consisting of either two pieces of two-by-eight Hem-Fir #2, or better, placed on edge and securely fastened together or one piece of four-by-eight Hem-Fir #2 or better. All openings over four feet and up to eight feet wide in bearing walls must be provided with headers consisting of two pieces of two-by-twelve Hem-Fir #2 or better, placed on edge and securely fastened together, or one piece of four-by-twelve Hem-Fir #2 or better.

(3) Wall bracing. Exterior walls must be braced with one of the following methods:

(a) Wood boards of five-eighths inch net minimum thickness applied diagonally to the studs and face nailed with 2-8d common nails per stud.

(b) Minimum forty-eight inch width of wood structural panel sheathing (plywood) with a minimum thickness of three-eighths inches applied vertically at each corner. Provide solid blocking at all edges not supported by studs and secure to studs with 6d common or deformed shank nails spaced at six inches on center at edges and twelve inches on center at intermediate supports. Sheathing must extend from treated plate through double top plate.

(4) Where plumbing, heating or other pipes are placed in studs, a metal tie not less than sixteen galvanized gauge and one and one-half inches wide must be fastened to each plate across and to each side of the opening.

(1) All weather-exposed surfaces must have a weather resistive barrier. Such barrier must be of waterproof building paper or asphalt saturated felt. Building paper, felt, or equivalent materials must be covered with siding as a protection against damage. Weatherproof sheathing may be used to meet this requirement.

(2) When weatherproof sheathing is used for the weather resistive barrier protection, it must be of the exterior type not less than three-eighths inch thick. Joints must occur over framing members and must be protected by built-in edge laps, a continuous wood batten, caulking, flashing, or by an equivalent material installed per the manufacturer's specifications.

(3) All wood siding and trim must be painted to protect from weather damage.

(4) Flashing. All exterior openings exposed to the weather must be flashed in such a manner as to make them weatherproof.

(1) Roof framing must have a minimum slope of three units vertical to twelve units horizontal, and must be framed with one of the following methods:

(a) Factory built trusses. Installed per manufacturer's directions and spaced not more than twenty-four inches on center. Roof trusses must be supported laterally at points of bearing by solid blocking to prevent rotation and lateral displacement;

(b) Rafter spans. Allowable rafter spans for Hem-Fir #2 or better must be in accordance with the spans and load conditions listed in Tables 250-A, 250-B or 250-C;

(c) Rafters. Rafters must be framed directly opposite each other at the ridge. There must be a ridge board at least one inch nominal thickness at all ridges and not less in depth than the cut end of the rafter;

(d) Notching at the ends of rafters cannot exceed one fourth the depth. Notches in the top or bottom must not exceed one sixth the depth and must not be located in the middle one third of the span;

(e) Holes bored in rafters must not be within two inches of the top or bottom and their diameter must not exceed one third the depth of the rafter; and

(f) Rafters must be supported laterally at points of bearing by solid blocking of the same material to prevent rotation and lateral displacement.

(2) The department of health will allow site built trusses accompanied by structural calculations prepared by a structural engineer or architect.

(3) Trimmer and header rafters must be doubled when the span of the header exceeds four feet. The ends of the header rafters more than six feet long must be supported by framing anchors or rafter hangers unless bearing on a beam, partition, or wall.

(4) Rafters must be nailed to adjacent ceiling joists to form a continuous tie between exterior walls when such joists are parallel to the rafters. Where not parallel, rafters must be nailed to minimum one-by-four cross ties.

(5) Rafter cross ties must be spaced not more than four feet on center, located immediately above the ceiling joists.

(6) Rafter and truss ties must be installed per manufacturer's instructions.

(7) Roof assembly must have rafter and truss ties to the wall below and spaced not more than four feet on center.

(1) Notching at the ends of ceiling joists must not exceed one fourth the depth. Notches in the top or bottom must not exceed one sixth the depth and must not be located in the middle one third of the span.

(2) Holes bored in ceiling joists must not be within two inches of the top or bottom and their diameter must not exceed one third the depth of the rafter.

(3) Ceiling joists must be supported laterally at points of bearing by solid blocking to prevent rotation and lateral displacement.

(4) Allowable ceiling joist spans for Hem-Fir #2 or better must be in accordance with the spans and load conditions listed in Table 300-A.

(5) The department of health will allow spans using other wood species or grade or other load conditions when accompanied by structural calculations prepared by a structural engineer or architect.

Roof sheathing shall be structural wood panels (plywood, OSB) with a minimum five-eighths inch thickness, grade stamped for use and span. Secure roof sheathing panels to the roof framing with 8d common nails, spaced six inches on center at the edges and twelve inches on center at intermediate supports.

Roof sheathing must be protected by installing a material that has been designed as a roofing covering product. Installation of the selected roof covering material must be according to manufacturer's instructions and industry standards.

(1) Ventilation must be provided for enclosed roof framing spaces by providing sixteen-mesh screened openings at:

(a) The eaves;

(b) The gable ends;

(c) The ridge; or

(d) Any combination of (a) through (c) of this subsection.

(2) The minimum amount of ventilation openings must be at the rate of one square foot of net free opening for every three-hundred square feet of attic area.

All nailing must be completed according to Table 340.

(1) Framing members must bear on a two-inch nominal thickness pressure treated plate anchored to the CMU wall with one-half inch diameter bolts. The anchor bolts must be spaced at maximum of six feet on center and a minimum of twelve inches from end of each plate member, and must be embedded into the top of the wall bond beam a minimum of four inches.

(2) Each roof framing member must be secured to the treated plate by installation of a metal tie as approved by the department of health.

Buildings constructed using CMU must follow the requirements of WAC 246-359-001 through 246-359-170 and WAC 246-359-400 through 246-359-580 to comply with this chapter.

(1) Solid masonry units must not be used.

(2) Water. Water used in mortar or grout must be clean and free of deleterious amounts of acid, alkalis or organic material or other harmful substances.

(3) Cement. Cementitious materials for:

(a) Grout must be either lime or portland cement; and

(b) Mortar must be one or more of the following:

(i) Lime;

(ii) Masonry cement;

(iii) Portland cement; or

(iv) Mortar cement.

(4) Mortar. Mortar must consist of a mixture of cementitious materials and aggregate to which sufficient water has been added to achieve a workable, plastic consistency.

(5) Grout. Grout must consist of a mixture of cementitious materials and aggregate to which water has been added such that the mixture will flow without segregation of the materials.

(6) Handling, storage and preparation of materials. Handling, storage and preparation of materials at the site must conform to the following:

(a) Masonry materials must be stored so that at the time of use the materials are clean and structurally suitable for use.

(b) All metal reinforcement must be free from loose rust and other coatings that would inhibit reinforcing bond.

(c) Concrete masonry units must not be wetted.

(d) Mortar or grout mixed at the job site must be mixed for:

(i) A period of time not less than three minutes; or

(ii) More than ten minutes in a mechanical mixer with the amount of water required to provide the desired workability.

(e) Hand mixing of small amounts of mortar is permitted.

(f) Mortar may be retempered, except that mortar or grout which has hardened or stiffened due to hydration of the cement must not be retempered or used again.

(g) When water has been added to the dry ingredients, at the job site the mixed:

(i) Mortar must not be used after two and one-half hours has passed; and

(ii) Grout must not be used after one and one-half hours has passed.

(h) Mortar and grout dry mixes, blended in the factory, and mixed at the job site must be mixed in mechanical mixers until workable. The on-site mixing time must not exceed ten minutes if the mix is to be acceptable for use.

(1) Footings for load bearing CMU walls must be continuous concrete having a minimum twelve width-by-ten inch thickness, placed a minimum eighteen inches below the finished grade, and reinforced with a minimum of two No. 4 continuous rebar.

(2) Foundations must be one of the following:

(a) Concrete reinforced vertically and horizontally with No. 4 rebar at twenty-four inches on center; or

(b) CMU reinforced vertically and horizontally with No. 4 rebar and having all cells below finished grade fully grouted.

(3) Vertical reinforcement must be spaced at four feet on center, within twelve inches of each corner, extend at least twenty inches up into the CMU wall, and extend at least six inches into the footing with an additional six inches bent at ninety degrees and tied to the horizontal footing rebar.

(4) Foundations must be six inches in width or the width of the CMU wall, whichever is greater.

(1) CMU must be laid in a running bond pattern with the units in each successive course overlapping the joints in the course below. At corners the length of the corner unit must alternate direction on each successive course.

(2) The mortar must be sufficiently plastic and the units must be placed with sufficient pressure to extrude mortar from the joint and produce a tight joint. Joint furrowing must not exceed the thickness of the shell.

(3) Head joints of open-end CMU designed for use as bond beams that are to be fully grouted need not be mortared.

(4) Surfaces to be in contact with mortar or grout must be clean and free of deleterious materials.

(1) Floors must be concrete slab on grade and not less than three and one-half inches thick reinforced with "6 x 6 10/10 welded wire mesh (wwm)," and be constructed with not less than four sacks of cement per cubic yard.

(2) When concrete is used as the finished floor it must be sealed or finished according to WAC 246-359-530, interior finishes.

(1) Wall thickness. CMU blocks used for bearing walls must have a minimum nominal thickness of six inches.

(2) Rebar cover. All rebar must be:

(a) Placed within the openings of the hollow masonry units;

(b) Completely embedded in mortar or grout; and

(c) Have a minimum cover of three-fourth inch including the masonry unit. Where masonry is exposed to weather, one and one-half inches of cover is required. Where masonry is exposed to soil, two inches of cover is required.

(3) Reinforcement.

(a) Masonry walls must have both vertical and horizontal reinforcement. Spliced rebar must overlap at least twenty inches. Reinforcement must be placed prior to grouting. Bolts must be accurately set and held in place to prevent dislocation during grouting.

(b) Vertical reinforcement must consist of No. 4 rebar placed four feet on center along the full length of walls, on each side of window and door openings, and at corners. Vertical rebar must extend from the top of the foundation to the top of the wall and be grouted in place.

(c) Horizontal reinforcement must consist of bond beams located at four feet above the foundation and repeated at four foot intervals, including one at the top of the wall. Bond beams must be constructed using bond beam masonry units with one continuous No. 4 rebar, grouted in place.

(d) Lintels over door and window openings must be provided and must be sixteen inches deep consisting of bond beam or lintel masonry units extending over the opening and at least twenty inches beyond each side, and with four pieces of No. 4 rebar running the full length of the lintel, grouted in place. The span of lintels over openings must not exceed twelve feet.

(4) Grouting.

(a) The grout space must be clean so that all spaces to be filled with grout do not contain mortar projections greater than one-half inch, mortar droppings or other foreign material. Cleanouts must be provided where necessary to clean and clear the spaces prior to grouting. When cleanouts are needed, they must be sealed before grouting.

(b) Grout must be placed so that all spaces designated to be grouted must be filled with grout and the grout must be confined to those specific spaces.

(c) Where bond beams occur, the grout pour must be stopped a minimum of one-half inch below the top of the masonry.

(1) All habitable rooms and spaces must be provided with windows the total area of which must be not less than one-tenth of the floor area.

(2) At least one-half of each required window must be able to open for ventilation purposes.

(3) Every sleeping room must have at least one operable window or door for emergency escape or rescue directly opening to an outside area to provide a clear escape away from the building.

(4) Escape or rescue windows must have:

(a) A minimum net clear openable area of five point seven square feet; and

(b) A finished sill height not more than forty-four inches above the floor.

(c) The following minimum net clear openable dimensions:

(i) The height dimension of twenty-four inches; and

(ii) The width dimension of twenty inches.

(5) All operable window openings must be screened with sixteen-mesh material.

TWH habitable structures:

(1) Must have a primary entrance, which is at a minimum, three foot-by-six foot eight-inch exit door made of solid core wood or other material designed for use as an exterior door.

(2) Must have at least two exit doors when accommodating ten or more occupants. When two exit doors are required, the doors must be placed a distance apart equal to at least one-half of the length of the maximum overall diagonal dimension of the building area used.

(3) Provide a locking mechanism on the exterior door(s) of each family shelter. The mechanism must not prevent egress, and must be easily opened from the inside without use of a key or special knowledge.

(4) Provide a locking mechanism on all bedroom doors, excluding doors to common sleeping areas. The mechanism must not prevent egress and must be easily opened from the inside without use of a key or special knowledge.

(5) Provide a locking mechanism on all bedroom doors, excluding doors to bedrooms housing more than fifteen occupants.

(6) Provide a locking mechanism on:

(a) Each toilet stall door, if provided; and

(b) Each shower stall door, if provided.

(7) Must have all exterior door openings screened with sixteen-mesh material self-closing screen doors, including toilet facilities.

(8) With a calculated occupant load of fifty occupants or more must have a screen door which swings in the direction of exiting.

(9) With latched screen doors must have a roller type latch.

(1) Door landings. Every door must have, at a minimum, a floor area or landing with:

(a) A width not less than the width of the door or the width of the stairway served, whichever is greater; and

(b) A length not less than thirty-six inches.

(2) Stairways. Every stairway having two or more risers must meet the following requirements:

(a) Rise and run. The rise of steps and stairs must not be less than four inches nor more than eight inches. The greatest riser height within any flight of stairs must not exceed the smallest by more than three-eighths inch. The run must not be less than nine inches. Stair treads must be of uniform size and shape except the largest tread run within any flight of stairs must not exceed the smallest by more than three-eighths inch.

(b) Headroom. Every stairway must have a headroom clearance of not less than 6 feet eight inches.

(3) Handrails.

(a) At least one handrail is required when a stairway has three or more risers;

(b) The top of a handrail must be placed not less than thirty-four inches or more than thirty-eight inches above the nosing of the treads.

(c) Handrails must be continuous the full length of the stairs.

(d) The handgrip portion of a handrail must:

(i) Not be less than one and one-quarter inches nor more than two inches in cross-sectional dimension; and

(ii) Have a smooth surface with no sharp corners.

(e) Handrails projecting from a wall must have a space of not less than one and one-half inches between the wall and the handrail.

(4) Guardrails. Unenclosed porches, balconies, and landings, which are more than thirty inches above grade or floor below must not be less than thirty-six inches in height and must have intermediate rails spaced such that a sphere four inches in diameter cannot pass through.

(1) Floors must be finished to provide an easily cleanable surface. Acceptable finishes are paint, sheet vinyl, tile, or other materials designed for use as a finished floor surface. All materials must be installed per manufacturer's instructions.

(2) Walls and ceilings must be finished to prevent any injury to an occupant, for example, no protruding nails or other fasteners or any wires.

(3) In toileting and kitchen areas, walls must be finished to provide an easily cleanable surface impervious to moisture.

(4) If material to provide a finished surface for the walls is to be installed, then material such as one-half inch minimum thickness gypsum board (GB) must be secured to the wall structural members by fasteners approved for such attachment such as glue, nails, or screws. If GB is installed, then the joints must be fire taped and the wall surface sealed with paint or covered with another wall finish material.

(5) If materials are installed to provide a finished surface for the ceiling, then material such as five-eighths inch minimum thickness GB must be secured to the ceiling structural members by fasteners approved for such attachment such as nails or screws. If GB is installed, then the joints must be fire taped and the ceiling surface sealed with paint.

(6) Comply with all applicable state and federal laws and rules for lead-based paint.

(1) The installation of electrical systems and wiring must comply with the state electrical code, chapter 246-46 WAC, as administered by the department of labor and industries and according to the number of outlets or light fixtures required in subsection (2) of this section.

(2) Outlets and light fixtures provided in TWH must comply with the requirements of subsection (1) of this section and WISHA requirements, including:

(a) Each habitable room must have:

(i) One ceiling light fixture. Additional ceiling light fixtures will be required to comply with the foot candle requirements of chapter 246-358 WAC; and

(ii) One separate floor or wall outlet. Additional outlets will be required as determined by the department of health to prevent safety hazards when the housing is occupied;

(b) Laundry and toilet rooms, and rooms where people congregate must have at least one ceiling or wall light fixture. Additional ceiling or wall light fixtures will be required:

(i) With at least twenty foot candles thirty inches from the floor; and

(ii) As determined by the department of health to prevent safety hazards when the housing is occupied.

(1) TWH must be provided with approved smoke detectors installed according to the manufacturer's instructions.

(2) Smoke detectors must:

(a) Be installed in each sleeping room;

(b) Be installed at a central point in a corridor or area which gives access to each separate sleeping room; and

(c) Emit a signal when the batteries are low.

(3) In new construction, required smoke detectors must:

(a) Receive their primary power from the building wiring, when the wiring is served from a commercial source; and

(b) Be equipped with a battery backup.

(4) Smoke detector wiring must be permanent and without a disconnecting switch except as required for overcurrent protection.

(5) Battery operated smoke detectors will be accepted:

(a) In existing buildings;

(b) In buildings without commercial power; or

(c) During when alteration, repairs or additions are being conducted to a building.

(6) An approved carbon monoxide alarm shall be installed outside of each separate sleeping area in the immediate vicinity of the bedrooms in dwelling units or one on each level of the dwelling. The approved carbon monoxide alarms must be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations in compliance with the building code, WAC 51-51-0315 and 246-358-080.

(1) The installation of plumbing systems, fixtures, and fittings must comply with the Plumbing Code as adopted by the state building code council, chapters 51-46 and 51-47 WAC, except for the following parts of the plumbing code which do not apply:

(a) The provisions for "water conservation performance standards";

(b) The minimum plumbing facilities and requirements for minimum numbers of fixtures.

(2) Provide an adequate supply of hot and cold running water under pressure in bathing, food-handling, and laundry facilities.

(3) The following minimum number of plumbing fixtures must be installed in the TWH:

(a) Toilet facilities. Provide toilet facilities adequate for the maximum capacity of the TWH, according to the following requirements:

(i) Provide flush toilets unless chemical toilets are approved by the department of health according to chapter 246-272A WAC;

(ii) Provide toilet facilities adequate for the maximum capacity of the TWH, according to Table 1 of this section;

(iii) Where common toilet facilities are provided, the number of toilets for each sex shall be based on the maximum number of people of that sex which the camp is designed to house at any one time, in the ratio of one such toilet to each fifteen people, with a minimum of two toilets according to Table 1 of this section. Toilets must be separated by partitions or walls. For the purposes of subsection (3)(a)(iii) of this section, partitions or walls do not include curtains. Partitions or walls must ensure privacy and must have smooth, cleanable, and nonabsorbent surfaces;

(iv) Where common toilet facilities and family shelter toilets are provided, the family shelter toilets do not count towards the total number of toilets for the TWH camp; and

(v) When urinals are provided there must be one urinal or two linear feet of urinal trough for each twenty-five men.

(b) Handwashing sinks. Provide handwashing sinks adequate for the maximum capacity of the TWH, according to the following requirements:

(i) Handwash sinks must operate with a single faucet;

(ii) One handwash sink for every six occupants within the TWH site;

(iii) Of these handwash sinks, locate at least one handwash sink for every toilet in common toilet facilities adjacent to toilet(s); and

(iv) If a toilet is installed in a family shelter, locate at least one handwashing sink for every eight people in the family shelter adjacent to the toilet.

(c) Bathing facilities. Provide bathing facilities adequate for the maximum capacity of the TWH, with one showerhead for every ten occupants. Showers must be separated by partitions or walls. Partitions or walls must ensure privacy and must have smooth, cleanable, and nonabsorbent surfaces.

(d) One "service sink" in each common building used for laundry or bathing.

(e) Laundry facilities. Laundry facilities must be plumbed for one laundry tray or tubs or mechanical washing machine for every twenty-five occupants.

(f) Provide single faucets for all handwashing and food-handling sinks.

(g) All common food-handling facilities must provide one sink per eight burners.

(4) Water and septic systems must be approved by the jurisdiction having authority, including installation or modification.

(5) All TWH potable water systems must be sufficient to meet the requirements of WAC 246-358-055. Ensure that the distribution lines are able to maintain the working pressure of the water piping system at not less than thirty pounds per square inch after allowing for friction and other pressure losses.

(1) All food-handling and eating facilities must meet the requirements of WAC 246-358-125.

(2) Common food-handling facilities. Common food-handling facilities must:

(a) Be covered and enclosed or screened;

(b) Provide mechanical ventilation in all enclosed food-handling facilities installed with a one hundred cubic feet per minute (CFM) intermittent fan or a twenty-five CFM continual fan, vented to the outside for each cooking unit. Fan intakes must be located directly above or behind each cooking unit; and

(c) Provide one sink per eight burners.

(3) Common eating facilities must be covered and enclosed or screened with adequate tables and seating for the occupants.

(4) Dining halls. Food-handling facilities which are to be provided by the licensed operator for temporary workers residing in the TWH must comply with:

(a) WAC 246-358-125, dining hall rules for TWH; and

(b) Chapter 246-215 WAC, food service sanitation rules.

The installation of heating, ventilating, cooling, refrigeration systems, and other miscellaneous heat producing equipment must meet the requirements of the mechanical code as adopted by the state building code council, chapter 51-52 WAC, except as exempted in WAC 246-359-575.

TWH as defined in this chapter are exempt from all versions of the Washington state energy code and the ventilation and indoor air quality code.

(1) When the temperature in habitable rooms will fall below seventy degrees Fahrenheit, the TWH must provide heating systems to maintain a temperature of seventy degrees Fahrenheit. Heating systems must be permanent, installed, and comply with DOSH and chapter 246-358 WAC.

(2) Insulation must be installed with a minimum of R-15 insulating material to insulate ceilings and exterior walls. When insulation is used, it must be covered with material which is safe and sturdy and sufficient to protect the building occupants from the insulating material. When insulation is installed in the ceiling, provide a minimum of one inch air space between insulation and roof sheathing and baffle.

(3) When the TWH dwelling unit temperature can rise above ninety degrees Fahrenheit during occupancy, the TWH dwelling unit must provide a coolant system to maintain a temperature at or below ninety degrees Fahrenheit.

(4) TWH buildings containing dwelling units must be provided with a one hundred cubic feet per minute (CFM) building ventilation fan capable of operating intermittently. Where an intermittent fan is installed in dwelling units with food-handling facilities, an additional building ventilation fan is not required.

(5) This section does not apply to cherry harvest camps.

Installed LP-gas, such as propane, propylene, butane, normal butane or isobutane, and butylenes, must comply with the state fire code and fuel gas code, as adopted by the state building code council.

(1) The department of health will allow alternate construction to the requirements stated in WAC 246-359-180 through 246-359-440 of this chapter when the plans are designed and stamped by an engineer or architect licensed to practice in the state of Washington, and meet applicable sections of the state building code as adopted by the state building code council or other code as approved by the department of health.

(2) Any changes in the structural design must be stamped by an engineer including:

(a) Fixed construction, which cannot be dismantled and stored. Such fixed construction must comply with the structural requirements of the state building code, for example, wind forces, seismic forces, snow load, live load, and dead load.

(b) Nonfixed construction which can be dismantled and stored for use when ice or snow exceed the snow loads stated in this chapter. Such nonfixed construction must comply with the structural requirements of the state building code, for example, wind forces, seismic forces, live load, and dead load with the exception of snow loads.

(3) To determine compliance with this section the department may require a special inspector to conduct special inspections.

(1) Each tent must be constructed to sleep no more than fifteen occupants.

(2) Tents must provide protection from the elements, insects, and animals.

(3) Structural stability and floors.

(a) Tents and their supporting framework must be adequately braced and anchored to prevent weather related collapse. The operator shall provide documentation of the structural stability to the department of health, if requested.

(b) Floors must be smooth, sloped from a raised center towards the lower outer edges. Floors must be without breaks or holes to provide a hard, stable walking surface. Nonridged flooring supported by grass, dirt, soil, gravel or other uneven surface is not acceptable. Floors that are constructed of wood or concrete must comply with the building code, chapter 19.27 RCW and this chapter.

(c) Floor systems must be designed to prevent the entrance of snakes, rodents, and other nuisances.

(4) Flame-retardant treatments.

(a) The sidewalls, drops, and tops of tents shall be composed of flame-resistant material or treated with a flame retardant in an approved manner.

(b) Floor coverings, which are integral to the tent, and the bunting shall be composed of flame-resistant material or treated with a flame retardant in an approved manner and in accordance with Uniform Building Code, Standard 31.1.

(c) All tents must have a permanently affixed label bearing the following information:

(i) Identification of tent size and fabric or material type;

(ii) For flame-resistant materials, the necessary information to determine compliance with this section and National Fire Protection Association Standard 701, Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Flame-resistant Textiles and Films;

(iii) For flame-retardant materials, the date that the tent was last treated with an approved flame-retardant;

(iv) The trade name and type of flame-retardant used in the flame-retardant treatment; and

(v) The name of the person and firm that applied the flame-retardant.

(5) Means of egress.

(a) Tents must have a primary entrance door. At least one door must lead to the outside of the tent. The door must not be obstructed in any manner and must remain free of any material or matter where its presence would obstruct or render the exit hazardous.

(b) If food-handling facilities are provided in tents, or the tent occupancy capacity is for ten or more occupants, a window allowing egress must be located opposite the door and must have a means to open the window or provide an easily openable space, for example, a zipper which opens downward to the floor, must be provided.

(6) Floor area. The operator must:

(a) If food-handling facilities are provided in the tent, provide an additional twenty square feet of floor space;

(b) Provide at least fifty square feet of floor space for each occupant in rooms used for sleeping purposes.

(7) Ceiling height.

(a) A ceiling height of at least seven feet is required in fifty percent of the total floor area.

(b) No portion of the tent measuring less than six feet from the flooring to the ceiling will be included in any computation of the floor area.

(8) Windows and ventilation.

(a) The operator shall provide a window area equal to one-tenth of the total floor area in each habitable room which opens at least halfway or more directly to the outside for cross-ventilation and has a minimum of sixteen-mesh screens on all exterior openings.

(b) The windows must have weather-resistant flaps, which will cover the window area and a means of fastening the flaps to provide protection from the elements and allow privacy for the occupants.

(9) Electrical and lighting. The operator shall ensure that:

(a) Electricity is supplied to all tents used as habitable room.

(b) All electrical wiring, fixtures, and electrical equipment must comply with the electrical standards of the department of labor and industries regulations, chapter 19.28 RCW, and local ordinances, and be maintained in a safe condition.

(c) Each tent used as habitable room has at least one ceiling-type light fixture and at least one separate floor-type or wall-type convenience outlet.

(d) If cooking is provided in the tent, appropriate wiring and electrical equipment is provided.

No FAS will be approved unless the FAS has an insignia of approval installed by the manufacturer. Alterations to manufactured housing and mobile homes must be approved by the Washington state department of labor and industries.

The department of health will approve the installation of all FAS except for manufactured homes (see WAC 246-359-720) when the following requirements are met:

(1) New and relocated FAS must be installed according to the manufacturer's written instructions;

(2) If the manufacturer's written instructions are unavailable or insufficient to address safe installation the department of health will require installation instructions for FAS to be submitted by an engineer or architect;

(3) The department of health will inspect FAS installation to determine if the site is properly prepared and the FAS is anchored according to the:

(a) Manufacturer's installation instructions; or

(b) Design of either an engineer or an architect.

(4) The requirements stated in WAC 246-359-720 (5) through (8) apply to FAS installation.

The department of health will use the following criteria for approving the installation of manufactured homes:

(1) New and relocated manufactured homes must be installed according to the manufacturer's written installation instructions;

(2) If the manufacturer's installation instructions are unavailable for manufactured homes, the department of health will accept the following:

(a) American National Standards Institute (ANSI) A225.1, 1994 edition, section 3; or

(b) The installation instructions of an engineer or architect licensed in Washington.

(3) The department of health will inspect the installation to determine if the manufactured home is placed on a properly prepared site and anchored according to the:

(a) Manufacturer's installation instructions;

(b) ANSI A225.1, 1994 edition, section 3; or

(c) Design of an engineer or architect licensed in Washington.

(4) The department of health will require, at a minimum, specific instructions be obtained from a licensed engineer or architect when a manufactured home is to be installed on a site where the specific soil bearing capacity is not addressed in the manufacturer's instructions.

(5) The department of health may review, at a minimum, the following installation requirements:

(a) Heat duct crossovers, except that heat duct crossovers supported above the ground by strapping or blocking to avoid standing water and to prevent compression and sharp bends to minimize stress at the connections are also accepted;

(b) Dryer vents exhausted to the exterior side of the wall or skirting, when installed; and

(c) Hot water tank pressure relief lines. These lines must be exhausted to the exterior side of the exterior wall or skirting and downward.

(6) Water lines, waste lines, gas lines and electrical systems must be installed according to the requirements of this chapter.

(7) When skirting is used the skirting must:

(a) Be made of a material suitable for ground contact including all metal fasteners which must be made of galvanized, stainless steel or other corrosion resistant material;

(b) Be recessed behind the siding or trim and attached in such a manner to prevent water from being trapped between the skirting and siding or trim; and

(c) Have vent openings located close to corners which:

(i) Provide cross-ventilation on at least two opposite sides;

(ii) Are designed to prevent the entrance of rodents by covering the vent openings with corrosion-resistant wire mesh with mesh opening of one-fourth inch in dimension; and

(iii) Have a net area of not less than one square foot for each one hundred fifty square feet of under floor area.

(8) Provide access to the under floor area of the manufactured home so that all areas under the home are available for inspection. The opening must not be less than eighteen inches by twenty-four inches. The cover must be of metal, pressure treated wood or vinyl.

A manufactured home may be installed by:

(1) The applicant;

(2) A certified installer as required by WAC 296-150M-0630;

(3) An individual supervised by an on-site certified installer; or

(4) A specialty trades person, for certain aspects of installation.

(1) A FAS containing plumbing fixtures must be connected to the drain inlet by a drain connector:

(a) Approved by the department of health;

(b) Consisting of pipe not less than Schedule 40 with appropriate fittings and connectors; and

(c) Not less in size than the FAS outlet.

(2) The fitting connected to the drain inlet must be a directional fitting to discharge the flow into the drain inlet.

(3) A drain connector must be:

(a) Installed and maintained with a grade not less than one-fourth inch per foot;

(b) Gas-tight and no longer than necessary to make the direct connection between the mobile home outlet and drain inlet at the site.

(4) Each drain inlet must be maintained gas-tight when not in use.

(1) A FAS with plumbing fixtures must be connected to the approved water service outlet by a flexible connector, such as copper tubing or other approved material, not less than three-fourths inch interior diameter.

(2) A separate water service shutoff valve installed on the supply side at or near the water service outlet for each FAS.

(1) A FAS, when using gas for heating or cooking purposes, must be connected to the gas outlet by an approved mobile or manufactured home connector. Gas connectors must be of adequate size to supply the total demand of the connected FAS and have a maximum length of six feet.

(2) A shutoff valve controlling the flow of gas to the entire gas piping system must be:

(a) Installed for each FAS;

(b) Readily accessible;

(c) Identified as the "shutoff valve"; and

(d) Installed near the point of connection to the service piping or supply connection of the liquified petroleum gas (LP-gas) tank.

(3) The installation and size of each section of LP-gas piping is determined by the mechanical code as adopted by the state building code council.

(1) A separate sleeping area must be provided for the husband and wife in all family units in which one or more children over six years of age are housed.

(2) If a camp is used during cold weather, adequate heating equipment must be provided.

(3) All heating, cooking and water heating equipment must be installed according to state and local ordinances and codes regulating installations.

(1) General fee information.

(a) The plan review fee and permit or inspection fees for:

(i) Wood framed construction and concrete masonry units will be charged based on square footage and the time required to complete the work, according to Table I, Parts A through C;

(ii) The installation of factory assembled structures will be based on Table I, Part D.

(b) Each fee must be received before the department of health will:

(i) Conduct plan review of construction or installation documents;

(ii) Issue a construction permit; or

(iii) Conduct any on-site inspection.

(2) Plan review fee for construction and installation documents. The plan review fee is:

(a) A separate and additional fee from the construction permit fees or inspection fees.

(b) Based on the initial plan review and assumes all documents required by WAC 246-359-070, application process and WAC 246-359-080, required documents for plan review, have been submitted.

(c) An additional plan review fee will be charged as stated in Table I, Part E when:

(i) The documents submitted are incomplete;

(ii) Plans previously reviewed and approved have been changed;

(iii) The department of health has determined, by inspection, that the approved plans were not followed during construction.

(3) Variance requests. Written variance requests must be accompanied by a fee as stated in Table I, Part E.

(4) Construction permit fee, includes required inspections. The construction permit fee:

(a) Is a separate and additional fee from the plan review fee;

(b) Includes the required inspections as stated in WAC 246-359-120 (1) through (4);

(c) Is based on the time required to conduct an inspection and assumes all of the requirements for application and plan review as required by subsection (2) of this section have been met and the plans are approved.

(5) Additional inspections. When the department of health determines additional inspections are necessary to determine compliance with this chapter the additional inspection fee will be charged according to Table I, Part F.

(6) Investigation inspections. If the department of health finds a person has initiated building or work without a permit, a fee will be charged according to Table I, Part F for the time taken to investigate.

(7) Special inspections. When an applicant is building to alternate construction standards and the required inspections in this chapter are not deemed sufficient by the department of health to determine compliance with this chapter, special inspections may be required including the cost of the health inspector. The applicant must pay the full cost of the special inspections. The department of health will notify the applicant what is required and the reasons for requiring a special inspection.

(8) The department of health will provide on-site technical assistance at the applicant's request. A fee will be charged according to Table I, Part G.

Table I, Fee Table